DCMickey

引言

Swagger就是最受欢迎的REST APIs文档生成工具

asp.net core中如何使用Swagger生成api说明文档呢

1. Swashbuckle.AspNetCore 是一个开源项目，用于生成 ASP.NET Core Web API 的 Swagger 文档。
2. NSwag 是另一个用于将 Swagger UI 或 ReDoc 集成到 ASP.NET Core Web API 中的开源项目。 它提供了为 API 生成 C# 和 TypeScript 客户端代码的方法。

以Swashbuckle.AspNetCore为例生产api说明文档

Swashbuckle组成部分

• Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger：将 SwaggerDocument 对象公开为 JSON 终结点的 Swagger 对象模型和中间件。
• Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerGen：从路由、控制器和模型直接生成 SwaggerDocument 对象的 Swagger 生成器。 它通常与 Swagger 终结点中间件结合，以自动公开 Swagger JSON。
• Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI：Swagger UI 工具的嵌入式版本。 它解释 Swagger JSON 以构建描述 Web API 功能的可自定义的丰富体验。 它包括针对公共方法的内置测试工具。

步骤

1. 使用nuget下载Swashbuckle.AspNetCore
   
2. 打开项目Startup.cs文件，将 Swagger 生成器添加到 ConfigureServices 方法中的服务集合中

//注册Swagger生成器，定义一个和多个Swagger 文档
services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
{
     c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Title = "My API", Version = "v1" });
});

1. Configure方法中，启用中间件为生成的 JSON 文档和 Swagger UI 提供服务：

//启用中间件服务生成Swagger作为JSON终结点
app.UseSwagger();
//启用中间件服务对swagger-ui，指定Swagger JSON终结点
app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
{
    c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My API V1");
});

1. 启动应用，并导航到 http://localhost:<port>/swagger/v1/swagger.json。 生成的描述终结点的文档显示如下json格式。
   
2. 可在 http://localhost:<port>/swagger 找到 Swagger UI。 通过 Swagger UI 浏览 API文档，如下所示。
   
3. 要在应用的根 (http://localhost:<port>/) 处提供 Swagger UI，请将 RoutePrefix 属性设置为空字符串：

app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
{
    c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My API V1");
    c.RoutePrefix = string.Empty;
});

1. Swagger的高级用法 为文档添加注释

   7.1. 在接口上添加文档注释///
   7.2. 运行项目，发现swaggerUI并没有出现注释 （别急，往下看）
   7.3. 启用XML 注释
   

右键单击“解决方案资源管理器”中的项目，然后选择“属性”
查看“生成”选项卡的“输出”部分下的“XML 文档文件”框

注意上面生成的xml文档文件的路径
7.4. 再次修改Startup.cs文件的ConfigureServices 方法,AddSwaggerGen（）方法中读取xml文件路径并启用

//注册Swagger生成器，定义一个和多个Swagger 文档
            services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Title = "My API", Version = "v1" });
                // 为 Swagger JSON and UI设置xml文档注释路径
                var basePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(Program).Assembly.Location);//获取应用程序所在目录（绝对，不受工作目录影响，建议采用此方法获取路径）
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "TestCoreSwagger.xml");

                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
            });

7.5. 新生成并运行项目 注释就出来了

配置Swagger

打开launchSettings.json文件，修改如下

{
  "$schema": "http://json.schemastore.org/launchsettings.json",
  "iisSettings": {
    "windowsAuthentication": false, //启用Windows身份验证
    "anonymousAuthentication": true, //启用匿名身份验证
    "iisExpress": {
      "applicationUrl": "http://localhost:62671", //应用启动的Url路径。
      "sslPort": 44359 //启用SSL的端口
    }
  },
  "profiles": {
    "IIS Express": {
      "commandName": "IISExpress",
      "launchBrowser": true, //是否在浏览器中启动
      "launchUrl": "swagger/index.html", //在浏览器中启动的相对URL
      "environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development" //将环境变量设置为键/值对
      }
    },
    "TestCoreApi": {
      "commandName": "Project",
      "launchBrowser": true,
      "launchUrl": "swagger/index.html",
      "applicationUrl": "https://localhost:5001;http://localhost:5000",
      "environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
      }
    }
  }
}

意思是这样的，看下图

在如下位置添加swagger_lang.js

'use strict';

/** 
 * Translator for documentation pages. 
 * 
 * To enable translation you should include one of language-files in your index.html 
 * after <script src='lang/translator.js' type='text/javascript'></script>. 
 * For example - <script src='lang/ru.js' type='text/javascript'></script> 
 * 
 * If you wish to translate some new texsts you should do two things: 
 * 1. Add a new phrase pair ("New Phrase": "New Translation") into your language file (for example lang/ru.js). It will be great if you add it in other language files too. 
 * 2. Mark that text it templates this way <anyHtmlTag data-sw-translate>New Phrase</anyHtmlTag> or <anyHtmlTag data-sw-translate value='New Phrase'/>. 
 * The main thing here is attribute data-sw-translate. Only inner html, title-attribute and value-attribute are going to translate. 
 * 
 */
window.SwaggerTranslator = {
    _words: [],

    translate: function () {
        var $this = this;
        $('[data-sw-translate]').each(function () {
            $(this).html($this._tryTranslate($(this).html()));
            $(this).val($this._tryTranslate($(this).val()));
            $(this).attr('title', $this._tryTranslate($(this).attr('title')));
        });
    },

    _tryTranslate: function (word) {
        return this._words[$.trim(word)] !== undefined ? this._words[$.trim(word)] : word;
    },

    learn: function (wordsMap) {
        this._words = wordsMap;
    }
};


/* jshint quotmark: double */
window.SwaggerTranslator.learn({
    "Warning: Deprecated": "警告：已过时",
    "Implementation Notes": "实现备注",
    "Response Class": "响应类",
    "Status": "状态",
    "Parameters": "参数",
    "Parameter": "参数",
    "Value": "值",
    "Description": "描述",
    "Parameter Type": "参数类型",
    "Data Type": "数据类型",
    "Response Messages": "响应消息",
    "HTTP Status Code": "HTTP状态码",
    "Reason": "原因",
    "Response Model": "响应模型",
    "Request URL": "请求URL",
    "Response Body": "响应体",
    "Response Code": "响应码",
    "Response Headers": "响应头",
    "Hide Response": "隐藏响应",
    "Headers": "头",
    "Try it out!": "试一下！",
    "Show/Hide": "显示/隐藏",
    "List Operations": "显示操作",
    "Expand Operations": "展开操作",
    "Raw": "原始",
    "can't parse JSON.  Raw result": "无法解析JSON. 原始结果",
    "Model Schema": "模型架构",
    "Model": "模型",
    "apply": "应用",
    "Username": "用户名",
    "Password": "密码",
    "Terms of service": "服务条款",
    "Created by": "创建者",
    "See more at": "查看更多：",
    "Contact the developer": "联系开发者",
    "api version": "api版本",
    "Response Content Type": "响应Content Type",
    "fetching resource": "正在获取资源",
    "fetching resource list": "正在获取资源列表",
    "Explore": "浏览",
    "Show Swagger Petstore Example Apis": "显示 Swagger Petstore 示例 Apis",
    "Can't read from server.  It may not have the appropriate access-control-origin settings.": "无法从服务器读取。可能没有正确设置access-control-origin。",
    "Please specify the protocol for": "请指定协议：",
    "Can't read swagger JSON from": "无法读取swagger JSON于",
    "Finished Loading Resource Information. Rendering Swagger UI": "已加载资源信息。正在渲染Swagger UI",
    "Unable to read api": "无法读取api",
    "from path": "从路径",
    "server returned": "服务器返回"
});


$(function () {
    window.SwaggerTranslator.translate();
});  

修改startup.cs，完整文件代码如下：

public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
            //注册Swagger生成器，定义一个和多个Swagger 文档
            services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Title = "My API", Version = "v1" });
                // 为 Swagger JSON and UI设置xml文档注释路径
                var basePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(Program).Assembly.Location);//获取应用程序所在目录（绝对，不受工作目录影响，建议采用此方法获取路径）
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "TestCoreSwagger.xml");

                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
            });
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            //启用中间件服务生成Swagger作为JSON终结点
            app.UseSwagger();
            //启用中间件服务对swagger-ui，指定Swagger JSON终结点
            app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
            {
                c.DocExpansion(DocExpansion.None); //设置swagger 默认折叠
                c.DefaultModelsExpandDepth(-1);//设置不显示models
                c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My API V1");
                c.InjectJavascript( "/content/swaggerui/swagger_lang.js");
            });
            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            //app.UseMvc();
            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(

                    name: "default",

                    template: "{controller=Values}/{action=Get}/{id?}");

            }); //将MVC添加到管道并允许配置路
        }
    }

版权属于：dingzhenhua

本文链接：https://www.dcmickey.cn/skill/17.html

转载时须注明出处及本声明